Positively Speaking - Assessment, Treatment and Support.  Speech and Language Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Educational Psychology

Some Definitions

Speech Delay/Disorder, Speech Sound Difficulties, Dysarthria and Dyspraxia

These involve difficulties making speech clearly understood by others. This usually means a child will produce the wrong sounds, or a stroke patient will lose some control of the muscles used for speech.

Language Delay/Disorder, Specific Language Impairment and Dysphasia

These include difficulties in understanding and/or use of language. This usually means a child's language seems immature compared to other children of their age, or a stroke patient will lose some of their language skills.

Asperger Syndrome, Autism, Communications Disorder, Semantic Pragmatic Disorder, Social Interaction Difficulties

Autism is a disorder characterised by impairment of social skills and communication, and obsessive, repetitive behaviour. The "autistic spectrum" includes Semantic Pragmatic Disorder, and Asperger Syndrome, as well as autism.

Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, Specific Learning Difficulties (Dyslexia)

These include difficulties learning to read and write, which may be made worse by speech or language difficultites

Learning Disability

A general term for any disorder that impedes the ability to learn.

Pervasive Developmental Disorders

This is a group of disorders that result in delays in the development of socialisation and communication skills.

Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

This affects attention and listening, which can affect development of speech and/or language.

Down Syndrome

This is a congenital disorder which is often accompanied by learning disability and can affect development of speech and/or language.

Cerebral Palsy

This is a result of permanent brain damage and often involves speech and language difficulties

Hearing Impairment

This is a loss of hearing which can affect development of speech and/or language.

Dysphonia

This is a voice problem, for example, hoarse voice.